• Latest
  • Trending
  • All
  • Capacitors
  • Resistors
  • Inductors
  • Filters
  • Fuses
  • Non-linear Passives
  • Applications
  • Integrated Passives
  • Oscillators
  • Passive Sensors
  • New Technologies
  • Aerospace & Defence
  • Automotive
  • Industrial
  • Market & Supply Chain
  • Medical
  • RF & Microwave
  • Telecommunication

Core Materials, Permeability and Their Losses

4.10.2022

Rubycon Releases High Capacitance Hybrid Aluminum Capacitors 

25.1.2023

TDK Releases the Most Compact Safety Motor-Run Film Capacitors

24.1.2023

Temperature, Bias and Ageing Impact to Capacitance Stability of MLCC Ceramic Capacitors

24.1.2023

Aluminum Capacitor Technology with Industry Highest Energy Density >5J/cc Available for Acquisition

23.1.2023

Multiphase Buck Trans-Inductor Voltage Regulator (TLVR) Explained

23.1.2023

Cornell Dubilier Announced Aluminum Flatpack Capacitors with High Capacitance Density

23.1.2023
  • Home
  • Privacy Policy
  • EPCI Membership & Advertisement
  • About
No Result
View All Result
NEWSLETTER
Passive Components Blog
  • Home
  • NewsFilter
    • All
    • Aerospace & Defence
    • Antenna
    • Applications
    • Automotive
    • Capacitors
    • Filters
    • Fuses
    • Inductors
    • Industrial
    • Integrated Passives
    • Market & Supply Chain
    • Medical
    • New Materials & Supply
    • New Technologies
    • Non-linear Passives
    • Oscillators
    • Passive Sensors
    • Resistors
    • RF & Microwave
    • Telecommunication

    Rubycon Releases High Capacitance Hybrid Aluminum Capacitors 

    TDK Releases the Most Compact Safety Motor-Run Film Capacitors

    Temperature, Bias and Ageing Impact to Capacitance Stability of MLCC Ceramic Capacitors

    Aluminum Capacitor Technology with Industry Highest Energy Density >5J/cc Available for Acquisition

    Multiphase Buck Trans-Inductor Voltage Regulator (TLVR) Explained

    Cornell Dubilier Announced Aluminum Flatpack Capacitors with High Capacitance Density

    KEMET Extends 450V Rectangular Aluminum Capacitors to 105°C Temperature Range

    Polysulfates Could Boost Energy Density and Temperature Range of Film Capacitors

    Coilcraft Releases Industry Lowest DCR and Low AC Losses SMD Power Inductors

    Trending Tags

    • Ripple Current
    • RF
    • Leakage Current
    • Tantalum vs Ceramic
    • Snubber
    • Low ESR
    • Feedthrough
    • Derating
    • Dielectric Constant
    • New Products
    • Market Reports
  • VideoFilter
    • All
    • Antenna videos
    • Capacitor videos
    • Filter videos
    • Fuse videos
    • Inductor videos
    • Non-linear passives videos
    • Oscillator videos
    • Passive sensors videos
    • Resistor videos
    • Sensors

    Multiphase Buck Trans-Inductor Voltage Regulator (TLVR) Explained

    Smart Power Distribution Unit Architecture and Inductor Losses

    Interleaved Multiphase PWM Converters Explained

    A Pitfall of Transformer-Based Isolated DC-DC Converter

    Leakage Models of Multi-Winding Transformer in LLC Converter

    LLC Transformer Design for Power Converters

    Printed Resistors in a High Performance PCB System

    Transformer Characteristics Explained

    Variable Controlled Inductor in LLC Converter Application Example

    Trending Tags

    • Capacitors explained
    • Inductors explained
    • Resistors explained
    • Filters explained
    • Application Video Guidelines
    • EMC
    • New Products
    • Ripple Current
    • Simulation
    • Tantalum vs Ceramic
  • Knowledge Blog
  • Suppliers
    • Preferred Suppliers
    • Who is Who
  • Events
  • Home
  • NewsFilter
    • All
    • Aerospace & Defence
    • Antenna
    • Applications
    • Automotive
    • Capacitors
    • Filters
    • Fuses
    • Inductors
    • Industrial
    • Integrated Passives
    • Market & Supply Chain
    • Medical
    • New Materials & Supply
    • New Technologies
    • Non-linear Passives
    • Oscillators
    • Passive Sensors
    • Resistors
    • RF & Microwave
    • Telecommunication

    Rubycon Releases High Capacitance Hybrid Aluminum Capacitors 

    TDK Releases the Most Compact Safety Motor-Run Film Capacitors

    Temperature, Bias and Ageing Impact to Capacitance Stability of MLCC Ceramic Capacitors

    Aluminum Capacitor Technology with Industry Highest Energy Density >5J/cc Available for Acquisition

    Multiphase Buck Trans-Inductor Voltage Regulator (TLVR) Explained

    Cornell Dubilier Announced Aluminum Flatpack Capacitors with High Capacitance Density

    KEMET Extends 450V Rectangular Aluminum Capacitors to 105°C Temperature Range

    Polysulfates Could Boost Energy Density and Temperature Range of Film Capacitors

    Coilcraft Releases Industry Lowest DCR and Low AC Losses SMD Power Inductors

    Trending Tags

    • Ripple Current
    • RF
    • Leakage Current
    • Tantalum vs Ceramic
    • Snubber
    • Low ESR
    • Feedthrough
    • Derating
    • Dielectric Constant
    • New Products
    • Market Reports
  • VideoFilter
    • All
    • Antenna videos
    • Capacitor videos
    • Filter videos
    • Fuse videos
    • Inductor videos
    • Non-linear passives videos
    • Oscillator videos
    • Passive sensors videos
    • Resistor videos
    • Sensors

    Multiphase Buck Trans-Inductor Voltage Regulator (TLVR) Explained

    Smart Power Distribution Unit Architecture and Inductor Losses

    Interleaved Multiphase PWM Converters Explained

    A Pitfall of Transformer-Based Isolated DC-DC Converter

    Leakage Models of Multi-Winding Transformer in LLC Converter

    LLC Transformer Design for Power Converters

    Printed Resistors in a High Performance PCB System

    Transformer Characteristics Explained

    Variable Controlled Inductor in LLC Converter Application Example

    Trending Tags

    • Capacitors explained
    • Inductors explained
    • Resistors explained
    • Filters explained
    • Application Video Guidelines
    • EMC
    • New Products
    • Ripple Current
    • Simulation
    • Tantalum vs Ceramic
  • Knowledge Blog
  • Suppliers
    • Preferred Suppliers
    • Who is Who
  • Events
No Result
View All Result
Passive Components Blog
No Result
View All Result

Core Materials, Permeability and Their Losses

4.10.2022
Reading Time: 17 mins read
0 0
0
SHARES
4.5k
VIEWS

Primarily inductors consist of a coil. If we insert a core of magnetic material the inductive properties of the coil will increase. Such coils are then called chokes. This article explains the basic core materials, their losses and material permeability.

The article is split into three chapters:

RelatedPosts

What is RFID?

Failure Analysis of Capacitors and Inductors

Filters and RF Inductors

  • brief introduction into Core Types
  • Core Materials and their Losses
  • Permeability
Jump to section

1. Core Types

  • 1. Core Types
  • 2. Core Materials and Their Losses
  • 3. Permeability μ

When we draw current through a choke electric currents are induced in the magnetic material that try to create a counteracting magnetic field. These currents are undesired both for that reason and because they create heat losses.

Figure 1. B-H curve magnetic flux density as a function of an imposed magnetic field

Homogeneous magnetic bodies are excluded; the induced current would be too high. Instead mutually isolated ribbons are used or a powder technology where the binder material between the magnetic granules limits the induced current by their resistivity.

Soft Iron Cores

The magnetic flux can be increased by means of a core of laminated soft iron or iron powder mixed with a binder. As stated in the introduction the distribution in electrically isolated disks or surface oxidized powder granules reduces the eddy current losses in the choke. The saturation induction according to Figure 1., is relatively high in chokes with iron materials in the core, up to 2.3 T. They can operate at high frequencies; metal alloys to 100 kHz and iron powders to more than 100 MHz. The temperature stability is good. The temperature range for iron powder cores is -55/+105 °C.

Amorphous Magnetic Materials

Figure 2. Example of BH characteristics for a ferrite and an amorphous material.

These non-crystalline magnetic materials consist of ferro or cobalt based powdered amorphous alloys that are baked into some shape impervious material. The core material with the magnetic powder granules constitutes a core with “distributed air gaps” that limits eddy currents. Another manufacturer heats up the magnetic foils/bands and precipitates the cooling process so rapidly that the metal becomes amorphous. The eddy current limitation is achieved by using these thin ribbons mutually isolated, in the cores. The ribbons are approximately 20 mm (0.8 mils) thick.

Amorphous core materials produce a narrow and high, nearly rectangular BH characteristic that has its highest inductance when the current passes through zero and a nearly negligible inductance as soon as the current reaches a certain strength. Thus the hysteresis losses will be small. The saturation flux is high (Figure 2.). For some laminated cores it is more than 1.5 T. The Curie temperature may, depending on material, vary between 200 and 400 °C. The initial permeability is in some materials very high, up to 100 000.

Learn more about Saturation: Inductor Saturation Current Explained, Influence of Temperature to Inductor Saturation Current

Ferrite Core Materials

The most common inductor material is still the ferrites. They are ferro magnetic and are ceramic materials. They consist of a mixed mass of pulverized oxides of iron and other alloys that is pressed to the desired shape and then sintered. The material resistivity is much higher than that of iron and the eddy current losses correspondingly low, which makes them suitable for high frequency applications.

They have a wide range of permeabilities from 10 to 20 000 but a fairly low saturation induction, < 0.5T. The temperature range is –55/+105 °C. The following figure shows a comparison of characteristics of metals, amorphous materials and ferrites.

Core Shapes

There are a number of different manufactured styles and shapes. Some of the most common are shown in following figure 3. The different manufactured shapes are not shown to the same scale. Rods, E cores, toroids and pot cores are provided with a winding, either direct on the core or via a bobbin. Attenuation ferrites surround the current path.

Figure 3. Common inductor core shapes and styles

· a) cylindrical rod core
· b) toroid or “attenuation bead”
· c) E core with yoke
· d) attenuation ferrite for flat conductor cable
· e) pot core
· f) SMD ferrite.

Jump to section

1. Core Types

  • 1. Core Types
  • 2. Core Materials and Their Losses
  • 3. Permeability μ
Page 1 of 3
Previous 123 Next

Related Posts

Capacitors

Temperature, Bias and Ageing Impact to Capacitance Stability of MLCC Ceramic Capacitors

24.1.2023
14
Applications e-Blog

Multiphase Buck Trans-Inductor Voltage Regulator (TLVR) Explained

23.1.2023
15
Inductors

Coilcraft Releases Industry Lowest DCR and Low AC Losses SMD Power Inductors

20.1.2023
19

Upcoming Events

Feb 8
11:00 - 12:00 CET

How Does Your PCB Layout Influence the Costs in PCB Manufacturing? Würth Elektronik Webinar

Feb 27
February 27 @ 12:00 - March 2 @ 14:00 EST

Pre Cap Visual Inspection per Mil-Std-883 (TM 2017)

Mar 3
12:00 - 14:00 EST

External Visual Inspection per Mil-Std-883 TM 2009

View Calendar

Popular Posts

  • Ripple Current and its Effects on the Performance of Capacitors

    3 shares
    Share 3 Tweet 0
  • What is a Dielectric Constant of Plastic Materials ?

    4 shares
    Share 4 Tweet 0
  • Capacitor Selection for Coupling and Decoupling Applications

    28 shares
    Share 28 Tweet 0
  • Understanding High-Precision Resistor Temperature Coefficient of Resistance

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • Why Low ESR Matters in Capacitor Design

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • How to Choose the Right Inductor for DC-DC Buck Applications

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • Capacitors for Medical Applications: Component Selection Considerations

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • Dielectric Constant and its Effects on the Properties of a Capacitor

    7 shares
    Share 7 Tweet 0

Newsletter Subscription

 

Archive

2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017

Symposium

Passive Components Networking Symposium

Passives e-Learning

Knowledge Blog

  • Home
  • Privacy Policy
  • EPCI Membership & Advertisement
  • About

© EPCI - Premium Passive Components Educational and Information Site

No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • News
  • Video
  • Knowledge Blog
  • Preferred Suppliers
  • Events

© EPCI - Premium Passive Components Educational and Information Site

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password?

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In
This website uses cookies. By continuing to use this website you are giving consent to cookies being used. Visit our Privacy and Cookie Policy.